Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Islander groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 decennial census.

This bill would require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses. The bill would require, on or after July 1, 2016, the Department of Managed Health Care to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Islander groups, and to take additional actions as specified above, under certain circumstances.

This bill would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, whenever those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require each entity specified above to make this demographic data publicly available by posting the data on the applicable entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would not apply these categorization requirements to demographic data of graduate and professional schools of the University of California. The bill would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make it applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Islander groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 decennial census.

This bill would require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses. The bill would require, on or after July 1, 2016, the State Department of Health Care Services and the Department of Managed Health Care to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Islander groups, and to take additional actions as specified above, under certain circumstances.

This bill would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, whenever those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require each entity specified above to make this demographic data publicly available by posting the data on the applicable entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would not apply these categorization requirements to demographic data of graduate and professional schools of the University of California. The bill would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make it applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island Islander groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 decennial census.

This bill would require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses. The bill would require, on or after July 1, 2016, the State Department of Health Care Services and the Department of Managed Health Care to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island Islander groups, and to take additional actions as specified above, under certain circumstances.

This bill would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, whenever those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require each entity specified above to make this demographic data publicly available by posting the data on the applicable entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would not apply these categorization requirements to demographic data of graduate and professional schools of the University of California. The bill would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make it applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 decennial census.

This bill would require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses. The bill would require, on or after July 1, 2016, the State Department of Health Care Services, Services and the Department of Managed Health Care to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and to take additional actions as specified above, under certain circumstances.

This bill would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, whenever those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require each entity specified above to make this demographic data publicly available by posting the data on the applicable entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would not apply these categorization requirements to demographic data of graduate and professional schools of the University of California. The bill would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make it applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the State state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the State. state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 decennial census.

This bill would require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses. The bill would require, on or after July 1, 2016, whenever the State Department of Public Health, the State Department of Health Care Services, or and the Department of Managed Health Care collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of persons for a report that includes specified categories of information, that entity to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and to take additional actions as specified above, including posting the demographic data collected on its Internet Web site under certain circumstances.

This bill would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, whenever those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require each entity specified above to make the this demographic data publicly available by posting the data on the applicable entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would not apply these categorization requirements to demographic data of graduate and professional schools of the University of California. The bill would specify that the bills provisions would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make the provisions it applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the State to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the State. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 decennial census.

This bill would add the State Department of Public Health to the list of agencies that are required to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations, and to take additional actions as specified above, including posting the demographic data collected on its Internet Web site. It would also require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses. The bill would require, on or after July 1, 2016, whenever the State Department of Public Health, the State Department of Health Care Services, or the Department of Managed Health Care collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of persons for a report that includes specified categories of information, that entity to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and to take additional actions as specified above, including posting the demographic data collected on its Internet Web site.

This bill would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, whenever those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require each entity specified above to make the demographic data publicly available by posting the data on the applicable entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would specify that the bills provisions would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make the provisions applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the State to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the State. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 census.

This bill would add the State Department of Public Health to the list of agencies that are required to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations, and to take additional actions as specified above, including posting the demographic data collected on its Internet Web site. It would also require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses.

This bill would would, on and after July 1, 2016, require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, and the Regents of the University of California, and each campus of the California Community Colleges, the California State University, and the University of California, whenever they those entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students, to use specified collection categories and tabulations for each major Asian group and each major Pacific Island group, as specified, and to include that data using those categories in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of students. students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. The bill would require the data collected to be made each entity specified above to make the demographic data publicly available by posting the data by those categories on the applicable campus or entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would specify that the bills provisions would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make the provisions applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the State to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the State. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

Existing law requires any state agency, board, or commission that directly or by contract collects demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for specified Asian groups and Pacific Island groups, and requires a state agency, board, or commission to include data on specified collection categories and tabulations in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of California residents that it publishes or releases. Existing law requires specified agencies to use additional separate collection categories and other tabulations for major Asian groups and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, and also requires those agencies to take additional actions, including, among other things, posting, and annually updating, the demographic data collected on their Internet Web sites, and updating the reporting categories to reflect these Asian and Pacific Islander groups as they are reported for the 2020 census.

This bill would add the State Department of Public Health to the list of agencies that are required to use the additional separate collection categories and other tabulations, and to take additional actions as specified above, including posting the demographic data collected on its Internet Web site. It would also require the updating of the reporting categories for future decennial censuses.

This bill would require the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges, the Trustees of the California State University, the Regents of the University of California, and each campus of the California Community Colleges, the California State University, and the University of California, whenever they collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students, to use specified collection categories and tabulations for each major Asian group and each major Pacific Island group, as specified, and to include that data using those categories in every demographic report on ancestry or ethnic origins of students. The bill would require the data collected to be made publicly available by posting the data by those categories on the applicable campus or entitys Internet Web site and would require the updating of the reporting categories for each decennial census. The bill would specify that the bills provisions would be applicable to the University of California only if the Regents of the University of California, by resolution, make the provisions applicable.

To the extent the bill would impose additional requirements on community colleges, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the State to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the State. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that, if the Commission on State Mandates determines that the bill contains costs mandated by the State, reimbursement for those costs shall be made pursuant to these statutory provisions.

GOVERNOR'S VETO

GV Bill Id:AB 176

Author:(Bonta)

As Enrolled Ver:September 10, 2015

2/3 vote

Original Committee Reference: HIGHER ED.

SUMMARY: Requires the California Community Colleges (CCC), the California State University (CSU), the University of California (UC), and the California Department of Managed Health Care (CDMHC) to disaggregate demographic information for Native Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups.

The Senate amendments:

1. Delete the requirement for the California Department of Health Care Services.

2. Make technical and clarifying changes.

EXISTING LAW: Requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major API group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan (Government Code Section 8310.5).

FISCAL EFFECT: According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

1. One-time costs of about $10,000 and ongoing cost of about $10,000 per year for the California State University System to upgrade computer systems and ensure proper reporting of student data (General Fund).

2. No significant costs are anticipated by the Department of Managed Health Care, as another provision of existing law already requires the Department to collect data in a manner that complies with the requirements of this bill (Managed Care Fund).

3. No significant costs are anticipated by the California Community College System, as the Chancellor’s Office anticipates that the delayed implementation in the bill will allow community college districts to incorporate the required data system changes as part of their ongoing system maintenance (General Fund).

4. No significant costs are anticipated by the University of California (General Fund).

COMMENTS: Background. According to the California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs' Issue Paper on September 5, 2014, data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering economic, educational, and social disparities inherent not only in API American communities, but in all ethnic populations. The commission finds that the need to disaggregate data is often exemplified by the needs of Southeast Asian American students; often categorized as "Asian," their "lower academic achievement rates are overshadowed by the stereotype that all Asian students excel in academics."

Purpose of this bill. According to the author's office, "By relying heavily on aggregate data of the API community, the State of California fails to recognize that different API ethnic subpopulations have diverse social and economic conditions." The author contends that if the needs of each of the API "subgroups" are not addressed properly, California will run the risk of lower educational outcomes and greater healthcare costs for our future generations. Data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic and educational disparities within the greater Asian population.

GOVERNOR'S VETO MESSAGE:

Assembly Bill 176 would require the Regents of the University of California, the Trustees of the California State University, the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges and the Department of Managed Health Care to collect and report demographic information for Asians, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders by specified ethnic categories after the next census.

To be sure, there is value in understanding data on race, ethnicity, gender and other aspects of identity. On a broad level, these demographic data can signal important changes in society. On a practical level, they can help elucidate how our laws and programs can be shaped to reflect a changing population.

Despite this utility, I am wary of the ever growing desire to stratify. Dividing people into ethnic or other subcategories may yield more information, but not necessarily greater wisdom about what actions should follow. To focus just on ethnic identity may not be enough.

CSU, community colleges, and UC already provide many ways in which to self-identify, including choosing among several ethnic identities. In the case of CSU, there are 50 choices for API applicants alone. Codifying the collection and reporting of at least 12 API groups several years into the future appears unnecessary, or at least premature.

Analysis Prepared by: Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916) 319-3960 FN: 0002474

CONCURRENCE IN SENATE AMENDMENTS

CSA1 Bill Id:AB 176

Author:(Bonta)

As Amended Ver:September 1, 2015

Majority vote

Original Committee Reference: HIGHER ED.

SUMMARY: Requires the California Community Colleges (CCC), the California State University (CSU), the University of California (UC), and the California Department of Managed Health Care (CDMHC) to disaggregate demographic information for Native Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups.

The Senate amendments:

1. Delete the requirement for the California Department of Health Care Services.

2. Make technical and clarifying changes.

EXISTING LAW: Requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major API group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan (Government Code Section 8310.5).

FISCAL EFFECT: According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

1. One-time costs of about $10,000 and ongoing cost of about $10,000 per year for the California State University System to upgrade computer systems and ensure proper reporting of student data (General Fund).

2. No significant costs are anticipated by the Department of Managed Health Care, as another provision of existing law already requires the Department to collect data in a manner that complies with the requirements of this bill (Managed Care Fund).

3. No significant costs are anticipated by the California Community College System, as the Chancellor’s Office anticipates that the delayed implementation in the bill will allow community college districts to incorporate the required data system changes as part of their ongoing system maintenance (General Fund).

4. No significant costs are anticipated by the University of California (General Fund).

COMMENTS: Background. According to the California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs' Issue Paper on September 5, 2014, data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering economic, educational, and social disparities inherent not only in API American communities, but in all ethnic populations. The commission finds that the need to disaggregate data is often exemplified by the needs of Southeast Asian American students; often categorized as "Asian," their "lower academic achievement rates are overshadowed by the stereotype that all Asian students excel in academics."

Purpose of this bill. According to the author's office, "By relying heavily on aggregate data of the API community, the State of California fails to recognize that different API ethnic subpopulations have diverse social and economic conditions." The author contends that if the needs of each of the API "subgroups" are not addressed properly, California will run the risk of lower educational outcomes and greater healthcare costs for our future generations. Data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic and educational disparities within the greater Asian population.

Analysis Prepared by: Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916) 319-3960 FN: 0001946

 THIRD READING  

Bill No: AB 176

Author: Bonta (D), et al.

Amended: 9/1/15 in Senate

Vote: 21

SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE: 9-0, 6/24/15

AYES: Liu, Runner, Block, Hancock, Leyva, Mendoza, Monning, Pan, Vidak

SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE: 8-0, 7/8/15

AYES: Hernandez, Nguyen, Hall, Monning, Nielsen, Pan, Roth, Wolk

NO VOTE RECORDED: Mitchell

SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE: 7-0, 8/27/15

AYES: Lara, Bates, Beall, Hill, Leyva, Mendoza, Nielsen

ASSEMBLY FLOOR: 77-1, 6/2/15 - See last page for vote

SUBJECT: Data collection

SOURCE: Author

DIGEST: This bill specifies requirements for the collection of demographic data, by the state’s public segments of postsecondary education and the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) pertaining to collection and tabulation categories for Native Hawaiian (NH), Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups.

ANALYSIS: Existing law requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major API group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan. (Government Code § 8310.5)

This bill:

1. Requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the California Community Colleges (CCC) and the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and requests the Regents of the University of California (UC), when collecting demographic data on students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for NH and API groups as follows:

1. Until the release of the next decennial census, each entity shall use the categories that they used as of January 1, 2015.

2. Within 18 months after release of the decennial census, each entity shall use NH and API categories as reported by the United States Census Bureau.

3. Each entity shall also include the following categories, Bangladeshi, Cambodian, Hmong Indonesian, Laotian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, Thai, Fijian, and Tongan.

4. Each entity shall comply with the Family Educational Rights Privacy Act, and observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.

2. Requires entities to make the collected demographic data available on their websites, except for any personally identifying information by July 1, 2016.

3. Specifies that the provisions in this bill regarding categorization requirements do not apply to graduate or professional schools at UC and clarifies that this measure applies to the UC only if the UC Regents, make it applicable by resolution.

4. Requires on or after July 1, 2016, the DMHC to collect and report demographic data disaggregated into specified major Asian, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islander groups.

5. Defines “entity” to mean the CCC BOG, the CSU Trustees, and the UC Regents.

Comments

1. Need for the bill. According to the author, aggregated data of the API population in California fail to demonstrate unique challenges of API subgroups particular with respect to educational outcomes and health care. Current law requires the Department of Industrial Relations and Fair Employment and Housing to collect disaggregated data for major API groups. The author asserts that extending these data collection requirements to other state agencies and public postsecondary institutions will help to expose social and economic disparities within the greater API population in California.

The provisions in this bill require the DMHC and the governing boards of the CCC and CSU and request the UC Regents to report and publish demographic data in a manner that recognizes API subgroups.

2. Need for data disaggregation? Academic and government research demonstrate how statistical data of the API population, when aggregated can inadvertently skew results that can conceal the actual conditions and experiences of subgroup populations particularly the Southeast Asian community. To note, 2010 U.S. Census data shows low educational attainment levels for Southeast Asians with only 15.4% of Hmong, 15% of Cambodian and 10.4% of Laotian Americans with a Bachelor’s degree or Higher compared to 50.2% of Asians as a whole. Similarly, a 2013 report of API students at the CSU, Fresno, “The Academic Challenges of Southeast Asians at Fresno State,” found significant educational disparities of the API group and Southeast Asian community. A closer look at the respective API ethnic groups showed that 97% of Hmong students were first generation college students who came from larger households and 62% came from low income household (less than 24,000 a year). The UC faculty also prepared a report that highlights the need for disaggregation of education data, among other things, for Southeast Asian, South Asian, Pacific Islander, and NH in the state. These particular groups experience high rates of poverty, limited English proficiency, and cultural barriers that have resulted in low educational outcomes.

This bill seeks to identify the characteristics and disparities within the API community by requiring the California Community Colleges (CCC), CSU and requesting the UC to report admissions, enrollment, completion and graduation data for API students according to categories used by the United States Census Bureau in the next decennial census in 2020. The 2010 and the most recent decennial census includes Asian, Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, other Asian, Native Hawaiian, Guamanian or Chamorro, Samoan, other Pacific Islander. In order to ensure that certain Southeast Asian and Pacific Islander groups are captured, this bill specifies additional API and NH categories.

3. Data collection at CSU, UC and CCC. In 2009, the CSU application was modified to provide applicants with over 50 different API categories from which to self-identify. Similarly, UC’s existing data collection practices go beyond what’s required by provisions in this bill. Lastly, the CCC collects information on 11 different API communities on its application “CCC Apply”. It is unclear how the data is reported or if it is published for public access. This bill requires CCC, CSU and requests the UC to collect and publish existing demographic data on their respective websites and update the data annually by July 1, 2016. Data published after the specified U.S. Census deadline must reflect the categories outlined in this bill.

Prior Legislation

AB 1737 (Eng, 2010) would have required certain state agencies to use additional separate collection categories and tabulations for major NH and API groups. AB 1737 was held on suspense in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

AB 295 (Lieu, 2007) would have required various state entities to report collected demographic data according to each major API group and make the data available to the public to the extent that disclosure did not violate confidentiality. AB 295 was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger whose message read:

“I believe this bill is unnecessary and imposes additional costs on state agencies at a time the state cannot afford them.

Even as we work to move beyond divisions based on race, I recognize there are times when it is appropriate for government to sort data based on ethnicity. That is why existing law gives state agencies the flexibility to expand upon current demographic categories if necessary. Given this flexibility, this bill is unnecessary. I encourage the proponents of this measure to work with individual agencies if they believe a circumstance exists where expanding the number of ethnic categories for the purposes of data collection is warranted.”

AB 2420 (Lieu, 2006), similar to this bill, would have expanded from 11 to 23 the ancestry or ethnic origin collection categories required to be collected by any state agency, board, commission, CCC, or the CSU. AB 2420 was held on suspense in the Senate Appropriations Committee.

FISCAL EFFECT: Appropriation: No Fiscal Com.: Yes Local: Yes

According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

• One-time costs of about $10,000 and ongoing cost of about $10,000 per year for the CSU System to upgrade computer systems and ensure proper reporting of student data (General Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the DMHC, as another provision of existing law already requires the Department to collect data in a manner that complies with the requirements of this bill (Managed Care Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the CCC System, as the Chancellor’s Office anticipates that the delayed implementation in the bill will allow community college districts to incorporate the required data system changes as part of their ongoing system maintenance (General Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the UC (General Fund).

SUPPORT: (Verified 8/28/15)

Asian Pacific Islander Caucus

California API Budget Partnership

California Asian Pacific Chamber of Commerce

California Black Health Network

California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs

California Community Colleges Chancellor’s Office

California Faculty Association

California Immigrant Policy Center

California Pan Ethnic Health Network

California State University

California Young Democrats Asian Pacific Islander Caucus

Community College League of California

Families in Good Health

Fresno Center for New Americans

Fresno Interdenominational Refugee Ministries, Inc.

Healthy House Within a MATCH Coalition

Hmong National Development, Inc.

Los Angeles and Pasadena Community Colleges Districts

March of Dimes Foundation

Numerous individuals

San Jose Evergreen College

SEIU California

Southeast Asia Resource Action Center

Stone Soup Fresno

The California Black Health Network

The Campaign for College Opportunity

United Cambodian Community

University of California

OPPOSITION: (Verified 8/28/15)

None received

ASSEMBLY FLOOR: 77-1, 6/2/15

AYES: Achadjian, Alejo, Travis Allen, Baker, Bigelow, Bloom, Bonilla, Bonta, Brough, Brown, Burke, Calderon, Campos, Chang, Chau, Chiu, Chu, Cooley, Cooper, Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dodd, Eggman, Frazier, Beth Gaines, Gallagher, Cristina Garcia, Eduardo Garcia, Gatto, Gipson, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Gray, Hadley, Roger Hernández, Holden, Irwin, Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Kim, Lackey, Levine, Linder, Lopez, Low, Maienschein, Mathis, Mayes, McCarty, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Nazarian, Obernolte, O'Donnell, Olsen, Patterson, Perea, Quirk, Rendon, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez, Salas, Santiago, Steinorth, Mark Stone, Thurmond, Ting, Wagner, Waldron, Weber, Wilk, Williams, Wood, Atkins

NOES: Harper

NO VOTE RECORDED: Chávez, Grove

Prepared by: Olgalilia Ramirez / ED. / (916) 651-4105

9/1/15 21:19:42

**** END ****

SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

Senator Ricardo Lara, Chair

2015 - 2016 Regular Session

AB 176 (Bonta) - Data collection

*********** ANALYSIS ADDENDUM – SUSPENSE FILE ***********

The following information is revised to reflect amendments

adopted by the committee on August 27, 2015

Bill Summary:

AB 176 would require the California Community Colleges, the California State University, the University of California, and the Department of Managed Health Care to disaggregate demographic information for Native Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islander groups.

Fiscal Impact:

• One-time costs of about $10,000 and ongoing cost of about $10,000 per year for the California State University System to upgrade computer systems and ensure proper reporting of student data (General Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the Department of Managed Health Care, as another provision of existing law already requires the Department to collect data in a manner that complies with the requirements of this bill (Managed Care Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the California Community College System, as the Chancellor’s Office anticipates that the delayed implementation in the bill will allow community college districts to incorporate the required data system changes as part of their ongoing system maintenance (General Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the University of California (General Fund).

Author Amendments:

Delete the Department of Health Care Services from the bill.

-- END --

SENATE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

Senator Ricardo Lara, Chair

2015 - 2016 Regular Session

AB 176 (Bonta) - Data collection

This bill meets the criteria for referral to the Suspense File.

Bill Summary:

AB 176 would require the California Community Colleges, the California State University, the University of California, the Department of Health Care Services, and the Department of Managed Health Care to disaggregate demographic information for Native Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islander groups.

Fiscal Impact:

• One-time costs of at least $150,000 to make computer system upgrades by the Department of Health Care Services to allow for the collection of more detailed demographic data (General Fund and federal funds). According to the Department, current computer systems used to manage enrollment and benefits for the Medi-Cal program do not allow for the collection of demographic information at the level of detail required in the bill. The computer systems that would require modification include three state operated systems and three county-operated systems used to enroll individuals in Medi-Cal.

• One-time costs of about $10,000 and ongoing cost of about $10,000 per year for the California State University System to upgrade computer systems and ensure proper reporting of student data (General Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the Department of Managed Health Care, as another provision of existing law already requires the Department to collect data in a manner that complies with the requirements of this bill (Managed Care Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the California Community College System, as the Chancellor’s Office anticipates that the delayed implementation in the bill will allow community college districts to incorporate the required data system changes as part of their ongoing system maintenance (General Fund).

• No significant costs are anticipated by the University of California (General Fund).

Background:

Under current law, various state agencies are required to collect and publish demographic data. The level of specificity when reporting population data by ethnicity varies by agency.

Proposed Law:

AB 176 would require the California Community Colleges, the California State University, the University of California, the Department of Health Care Services, and the Department of Managed Health Care to disaggregate demographic information for Native Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islander groups.

Specific provisions of the bill would:

• Require the California Community Colleges, California State University, and the University of California to use the categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups used by the United State Census, within 18 months of the release of the decennial census;

• Additionally require those entities to break out Asian, Native American, and Pacific Islander Groups into more detailed, specified categories;

• Require those entities to make the collected demographic data available on their websites, except for any personally identifying information;

• Require the Department of Health Care Services and the Department of Managed Health Care to collect and report demographic data disaggregated into specified major Asian, Native Hawaiian, and other Pacific Islander groups.

Related Legislation:

• AB 411 (Pan, 2014) would have required the Department of Health Care Services to stratify certain health care quality measures for the Medi-Cal program by more detailed demographic categories. That bill was vetoed by Governor Brown.

• AB 1737 (Eng, 2010) would have required certain state agencies to collect and publish more detailed demographic data with respect to Asian and Pacific Islander groups. That bill was held on the Assembly Appropriations Committee’s Suspense File.

• AB 295 (Lieu, 2007) would have required various state agencies to collect and report more detailed demographic data with respect to Asian and Pacific Islander groups. That bill was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger.

-- END --

SENATE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH

Senator Ed Hernandez, O.D., Chair

BILL NO: AB 176

SUBJECT: Data collection

SUMMARY:

Requires the California Community Colleges, California State University, University of California, Department of Health Care Services, and Department of Managed Health Care to disaggregate collection and tabulation categories for Native Hawaiian, and Asian and Pacific Islander groups.

Existing law:

1. Requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major Asian and Pacific Islander group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan.

2. Requires the Department of Industrial Relations (DIR) and the Department of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH) to collect and tabulate data for those groups listed above, as well as additional major Asian groups including, but not limited to, Bangladeshi, Hmong, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai, and additional major Native Hawaiian groups and other Pacific Islander groups including, but not limited to Fijian and Tongan.

This bill:

1. Requires the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges (CCC) and the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and requests the Regents of the University of California (UC), when collecting demographic data on students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Native Hawaiian and Asian and Pacific Islander groups as follows:

1. Until the release of the next decennial census, use the categories that were used as of January 1, 2015;

2. Within 18 months after release of the decennial census, use Native Hawaiian and Asian and Pacific Islander categories as reported by the United States Census Bureau;

3. Report on additional major Asian groups, including, but not limited to Bangladeshi, Cambodian, Hmong, Indonesian, Laotian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai, and additional major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups including, but not limited to, Fijian and Tongan; and,

4. Observe current standards regarding compliance with the Family Educational Rights Privacy Act and observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.

2. Requires CCC, CSU and UC, by July 1, 2016, to collect and publish specified demographic data on their respective websites and update the data annually.

3. Specifies that the provisions in this bill regarding categorization requirements do not apply to graduate or professional schools at UC. Requires this bill to only apply to UC only if the UC Regents make it applicable by resolution.

4. Requires on or after July 1, 2016, the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) and the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC), when collecting patient demographic data for reports on the type and amount of health care coverage, rates for major diseases, leading causes of death, as specified, pregnancy rates, and housing numbers, to use the following separate collecting categories and tabulations, in addition to the existing categories required by current law:

1. Major Asian groups, including, but not limited to, Bangladeshi, Hmong, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai; and,

2. Major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, including, but not limited to, Fijian and Tongan.

FISCAL EFFECT: According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, based on the May 28, 2015 version of this bill:

1. UC and CSU: Minor and absorbable costs.

2. CCC: Districts currently report on about one-third of the Census subgroups. Given that this measure would not require reporting for all subgroups until around 2023, districts should be able to encompass this change within the course of updating their current practices, costs should not be significant.

3. DHCS: Non-responsive.

4. DMHC: No additional costs, as recently enacted legislation already will require the department to meet the requirements of this measure.

PRIOR VOTES:

COMMENTS:

1. Author’s statement. According to the author, when relying on aggregate data of the Asian and Pacific Islander community, the state of California fails to recognize that different Asian and Pacific Islander ethnic subpopulations have different social and economic conditions. If the needs of each are not addressed properly, California runs the risk of greater health care costs and lower educational outcomes for our future generations. Data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic, and educational disparities within the greater Asian population.

Although many of the communities within the Asian and Pacific Islander population face similar challenges in California, such as language barriers and immigration, they differ on many issues. This is most evident with respect to education and public health, where the outcomes of some of the largest Asian and Pacific Islander groups within the Asian and Pacific Islander population raise the average outcome of the greater Asian and Pacific Islander population as a whole. For example, although data related to the average Asian and Pacific Islander student demonstrates high academic achievements, disaggregated data sheds light on the harsh reality that Southeast Asian subgroups suffer from much lower achievement rates than other Asian and Pacific Islander groups. Similarly, data from a 2013 report by the Asian American Center for Advancing Justice demonstrates that 14% of Asian Americans are uninsured; disaggregated data demonstrates that Korean, Tongan, and Thai have uninsured rates higher than 22%, whereas only 8-10% of Japanese and Indian populations are uninsured.

2. Background. According to an Asian and Pacific Islander American Health Forum Report in 2010, in California, aggregated Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander data fail to capture the diversity and differences across subgroups. For example, in the 1980s and 1990s, aggregated Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander data showed that the group had the lowest incidence of breast cancer across races and ethnicities, and the belief at the time was that “Asian women don’t get breast cancer”. However, subsequent studies showed that Native Hawaiian women had a very high incidence of breast cancer, second only to white women, whereas Korean women had a very low incidence. The high risk for Native Hawaiians was hidden by the aggregation of data. Asian subpopulations also have varying socioeconomic statuses, which are a large predictor of health access. The 2010 U.S. Census data show Hmong Americans have a poverty rate at 27.4%, compared to 9.3% of the aggregated Asian community, and show low educational attainment levels for Southeast Asians with14.8% of Hmong, 16% of Cambodian and 13.2% of Laotian Americans with a Bachelor’s degree or higher compared to 48.9% of Asians as a whole. The report stated that support for new primary data collection and longitudinal studies are needed to fully capture the diverse social and health assets and needs faced by all the Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander communities.

3. Joint Informational Hearing. On March 11, 2015, the California Senate and Assembly Committees on Health held a joint information hearing to examine health disparities in California. Testimony provided by the Southeast Asia Resource Action Center illustrated how the lack of disaggregated data masks disparities within the Asian and Pacific Islander community. For example, 24% of Hmong and Cambodian Americans have diabetes, but there are no data regarding the number of Hmong and Cambodian Americans that are served by California’s Heart Disease and Prevention Unit. Among recommendations was disaggregating data for DHCS. The Committees also heard that the federal Office of Minority Health has issued guidelines for the collection of more granular and disaggregated categories for race and ethnicity, and accordingly, California should take administrative steps to standardize demographic data categories for race and ethnicity in order to reduce health disparities. Further, these actions should be jointly implemented by DHCS and DMHC.

4. Double referral. This bill was heard in the Senate Education Committee on June 24, 2015, and passed by a 9-0 vote.

5. Prior legislation. AB 411 (Pan, 2013) would have required DHCS, when entering into a new contract with an External Quality Review Organization (EQRO) for the purpose of performing work associated with Medi-Cal managed care programs, to include in the terms of the new contract a requirement that, upon approval of the contract, the EQRO stratify all patient-specific Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set measures, or their External Accountability Set performance measure equivalent, by certain characteristics, including geographic area and primary language. AB 411 would have required DHCS to publicly report this analysis on its Internet Web site. AB 411 would have provided that its provisions only be implemented to the extent that funding is available. AB 411 was vetoed by the Governor who stated that nothing in current law prevents DHCS from requiring EQROs to provide more detailed data by geography, race, ethnicity, or other demographic attribute. He concluded that if DHCS saw a need or benefit that justifies the costs of procuring this additional data, he was confident that they would procure it.

AB 1737 (Eng, 2010), would have required certain state agencies to use additional separate collection categories and tabulations for major Asian and Pacific Islander groups. AB 1737 was held on suspense in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

AB 295 (Lieu, 2007), would have required various state entities to report collected demographic data according to each major Asian and Pacific Islander group and make the data available to the public to the extent that disclosure did not violate confidentiality. AB 295 was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger who stated that this bill was unnecessary and imposed additional costs on state agencies at a time the state cannot afford them, and that existing law gives state agencies the flexibility to expand upon current demographic categories if necessary.

AB 2420 (Lieu, 2006), was substantially similar to this bill, and would have expanded from 11 to 23 the ancestry or ethnic origin collection categories required to be collected by any state agency, board, commission, CCC, or CSU. AB 2420 was held on suspense in the Senate Appropriations Committee.

5. Support. Several academic organizations are in support of the bill. The UC Office of the President writes that this bill is consistent with their goal and efforts to enroll a student body that reflects California’s diversity. The Executive Committee of the UC Asian American and Pacific Islander Policy Multicampus Research Unit states that without disaggregated data problems in public health and education cannot be addressed, leading to continuing disparities and higher costs in services that may have been prevented with earlier intervention. The Pasadena Area Community College District states that greater data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic, and educational disparities within the greater Asian and Pacific Islander population. Supporters also highlight the public health aspects of this bill. The March of Dimes states that there is considerable variation in rates of premature birth and infant mortality across races and ethnicities and that this bill will increase the availability of data on these disparities and benefits the development of policies and programs to reduce these disparities. Hmong National Development, Inc. and Project Prevention both state that current aggregation of Asian and Pacific Islander data hinders public health research efforts.

6. Technical Amendments.

1. On page 3, lines 32 and 33, delete “observe current standards regarding compliance” and replace with “comply”

2. On page 4: delete lines 16-28, on line 35, insert::

(3) On or after July 1, 2016, the Department of Health Care Services or the Department of Managed

Health Care, whenever collecting demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of persons for a report that includes the type and amount of

health care coverage, rates for major diseases, leading causes of

death per demographic, subcategories for leading causes of death

in California overall, pregnancy rates, or housing numbers.

SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:

Support: Asian Americans for Community Involvement

AYPAL

California Asian Pacific Islander Budget Partnership

California Black Health Network

California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs

California Faculty Association

California Immigrant Policy Center

California Pan-Ethnic Health Network

California State Council of the Service Employees International Union

California State University

California Young Democrats Asian Pacific Islander Caucus

Chinese for Affirmative Action (CAA)

Families in Good Health

Fresno Center for New Americans

Fresno Interdenominational Refugee Ministries

Healthy House Within a MATCH Coalition

Hmong Movement Organizing for the Next Generation

Hmong National Development, Inc.

Hmong Student Association at California State University, Fresno

Iu Mien Community Services

Khmer Girls in Action

Los Angeles Community College District

March of Dimes California Chapter

National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum

National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum Los Angeles

National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum Orange Coutny

National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum San Diego

National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum San Francisco Bay Area

OCA - Greater Los Angeles

Pasadena Community College District

Project Prevention Coaltion

San Jose Evergreen Valley Community College District

Southeast Asia Resource Action Center

Stone Soup Fresno

The Campaign for College Opportunity

United Cambodian Community

University of California

Young Invincibles

Numerous individuals

Oppose: None received.

-- END --

SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION

Senator Carol Liu, Chair

2015 - 2016 Regular

Bill No: AB 176

Note: This bill has been referred to the Committees on Education and Health. A "do pass" motion should include referral to the Committee on Health.

Subject: Data collection

SUMMARY

This bill specifies requirements for the collection of demographic data, by the state’s public segments of postsecondary education and state health-related departments pertaining to collection and tabulation categories for Native Hawaiian (NH), Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups.

BACKGROUND

Existing law requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major API group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan.

(Government Code § 8310.5)

ANALYSIS

This bill:

1. Requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the California Community Colleges (CCC) and the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and requests the Regents of the University of California (UC), when collecting demographic data on students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for NH and API groups as follows:

1. Until the release of the next decennial census, each entity shall use the categories that they used as of January 1, 2015.

2. Within 18 months after release of the decennial census, each entity shall use NH and API categories as reported by the United States Census Bureau.

3. Each entity shall comply with the Family Educational Rights Privacy Act, and observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.

2. Requires the California Community Colleges (CCC), the California State University (CSU) and the University of California (UC), by July 1, 2016, to collect and publish specified demographic data on their respective websites and update the data annually.

3. Specifies that provisions in this bill shall not be interpreted as preventing any other state agency from posting the data collected, as specified, on its website in a manner pursuant to this section or Section 8310.5 or 8310.7 of the Government Code.

4. Specifies that the provisions in this bill regarding categorization requirements do not apply to graduate or professional schools at UC and clarifies that this measure applies to the UC only if the UC Regents, make it applicable by resolution.

5. Defines “entity” to mean the CCC Board of Governors (BOG), the CSU Trustees, and the UC Regents.

6. Requires on or after July 1, 2016, the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) and the Department of Manages Health Care (DMHC), when collecting patient demographic data for reports on the type and amount of health care coverage, rates for major diseases, leading causes of death, as specified, pregnancy rates, and housing numbers, to use the following separate collecting categories and tabulations, in addition to the existing categories required by current law:

1. Major Asian groups, including, but not limited to, Bangladeshi, Hmong, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai; and

2. Major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, including but not limited to Fijian and Tongan.

STAFF COMMENTS

1. Need for the bill. According to the author, aggregated data of the Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) population in California fail to demonstrate unique challenges of API subgroups particular with respect to educational outcomes and health care. Current law requires the Department of Industrial Relations and Fair Employment and Housing to collect disaggregated data for major Asian and Pacific Islander groups. The author asserts that extending these data collection requirements to other state agencies and public postsecondary institutions will help to expose social and economic disparities within the greater API population in California.

This bill requires the State Department of Healthcare Service, The Department of Managed Healthcare and the governing boards of the CCC and CSU and requests the UC Regents to report and publish demographic data in a manner that recognizes API subgroups.

2. Need for data disaggregation? Academic and government research demonstrate how statistical data of the API population, when aggregated can inadvertently skew results that can conceal the actual conditions and experiences of subgroup populations particularly the Southeast Asian community. To note, 2010 U.S. Census data shows low educational attainment levels for Southeast Asians with only 15.4% of Hmong, 15% of Cambodian and 10.4% of Laotian Americans with a Bachelor’s degree or Higher compared to 50.2% of Asians as a whole. Similarly, a 2013 report of Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) students at the California State University (CSU), Fresno, “The Academic Challenges of Southeast Asians at Fresno State,” found significant educational disparities of the API group and Southeast Asian community. A closer look at the respective API ethnic groups showed that 97% of Hmong students were first generation college students who came from larger households and 62% came from low income household (less than 24,000 a year). The University of California (UC) faculty also prepared a report that highlights the need for disaggregation of education data, among other things, for Southeast Asian, South Asian, Pacific Islander, and Native Hawaiian in the state. These particular groups experience high rates of poverty, limited English proficiency, and cultural barriers that have resulted in low educational outcomes.

This bill seeks to identify the characteristics and disparities within the API community by requiring the California Community Colleges (CCC), CSU and requesting the UC to report admissions, enrollment, completion and graduation data for API students according to categories used by the United States Census Bureau in the next decennial census in 2020. The 2010 and the most recent decennial census includes Asian, Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, other Asian, Native Hawaiian, Guamanian or Chamorro, Samoan, other Pacific Islander. Notably missing from the list are the Southeast Asian and Pacific Islander groups this bill is attempting to capture; for this reason staff recommends the bill be amended on page 3 between lines 15 and 16 insert:

(2) In addition, each entity shall report on the following categories:

1. Additional Major Asian groups, including, but not limited to Bangladeshi, Cambodian, Hmong, Indonesian, Laotian. Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai.

2. Additional Major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups including but not limited to, Fijian and Tongan.

As amended, the bill could potentially create a new state mandate for CCC.

3. Data Collection at CSU, UC and CCC. In 2009, the CSU application was modified to provide applicants with over 50 different API categories from which to self-identify. Similarly, UC’s existing data collection practices go beyond what’s required by provisions in this bill. Lastly, the CCC collects information on 11 different API communities on its application “CCC Apply”. It is unclear how the data is reported or if it is published for public access. This bill requires CCC, CSU and requests the UC to collect and publish existing demographic data on their respective websites and update the data annually by July 1, 2016. Data published after the specified U.S. Census deadline must reflect the categories outlined in this bill.

4. Related and prior legislation.

PRIOR LEGISLATION

1. AB 1737 (Eng, 2010) would have required certain state agencies to use additional separate collection categories and tabulations for major Native Hawaiian and Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups. AB 1737 was held on suspense in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

2. AB 295 (Lieu, 2007) would have required various state entities to report collected demographic data according to each major API group and make the data available to the public to the extent that disclosure did not violate confidentiality. AB 295 was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger whose message read:

“I believe this bill is unnecessary and imposes additional costs on state agencies at a time the state cannot afford them.

Even as we work to move beyond divisions based on race, I recognize there are times when it is appropriate for government to sort data based on ethnicity. That is why existing law gives state agencies the flexibility to expand upon current demographic categories if necessary. Given this flexibility, this bill is unnecessary. I encourage the proponents of this measure to work with individual agencies if they believe a circumstance exists where expanding the number of ethnic categories for the purposes of data collection is warranted.”

3. AB 2420 (Lieu, 2006) similar to this bill, would have expanded from 11 to 23 the ancestry or ethnic origin collection categories required to be collected by any state agency, board, commission, California Community Colleges, or the California State University. AB 2420 was held on suspense in Senate Appropriations.

SUPPORT

Asian Pacific Islander Caucus

California API Budget Partnership

California Asian Pacific Chamber of Commerce (CalAsian)

California Black Health Network

California Faculty Association

California Immigrant Policy Center

California Pan Ethnic Health Network

California State University

California Young Democrats Asian Pacific Islander Caucus

Community College League of California

Families in Good Health

Fresno Center for New Americans

Fresno Interdenominational Refugee Ministries, Inc.

Healthy House Within a MATCH Coalition

Los Angeles and Pasadena Community Colleges Districts

March of Dimes Foundation

Southeast Asia Resource Action Center

The California Black Health Network

The Campaign for College Opportunity

United Cambodian Community

University of California

OPPOSITION

None received.

-- END --

ASSEMBLY THIRD READING

ATR Bill Id:AB 176

Author:(Bonta)

As Amended Ver:May 28, 2015

Majority vote

SUMMARY: Places specified requirements regarding the collection of demographic data, by the state's public segments of postsecondary education and by state health-related departments, pertaining to tabulation categories of Native Hawaiian (NH), Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups. Specifically, this bill:

1. Requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the California Community Colleges (CCC) and the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and requests the Regents of the University of California (UC), when collecting demographic data on students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for NH and API groups as follows:

   1. Until the release of the next decennial census, each entity shall use the categories that the entity used as of January 1, 2015.

   2. Within 18 months after release of the decennial census, each entity shall use the NH and API categories as reported by the United States Census Bureau.

2. Requires CCC, CSU, and UC to collect and publish the above demographic data on their respective websites by July 1, 2016, to comply with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, and to observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.

3. Specifies that the UC does not need to include the demographic data of graduate or professional schools in the report, as specified.

4. Requires the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) and the Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC), when collecting patient demographic data for reports, on or after July 1, 2016, on level of health care coverage, amount of health care coverage, rates for major diseases, leading causes of death per demographic, subcategories for leading causes of death in California overall, pregnancy rates, and housing numbers, to use the following separate collection categories and tabulations, in addition to the categories required by existing law:

   1. Major Asian groups, including, but not limited to, Bangladeshi, Hmong, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai; and,

   2. Major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, including, but not limited to, Fijian and Tongan.

5. Requires DHCS and DMHC to publish the above data on their website by July 1, 2016, and annually thereafter, and to update their data collection to include any additional NH and API groups as reported by the United States Census Bureau within 18 months after a decennial census is released to the public.

EXISTING LAW: Requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major API group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan (Government Code Section 8310.5).

FISCAL EFFECT: According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee:

1. UC and CSU: Minor and absorbable costs.

2. CCC: Districts currently report on about one-third of the Census subgroups. Given that this measure would not require reporting for all subgroups until around 2023, districts should be able to encompass this change within the course of updating their current practices, costs should not be significant.

3. DHCS: Non-responsive.

4. DMHC: No additional costs, as recently enacted legislation already will require the department to meet the requirements of this measure.

COMMENTS: Background. According to the California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs' Issue Paper on September 5, 2014, data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering economic, educational, and social disparities inherent not only in API American communities, but in all ethnic populations. The commission finds that the need to disaggregate data is often exemplified by the needs of Southeast Asian American students; often categorized as "Asian," their "lower academic achievement rates are overshadowed by the stereotype that all Asian students excel in academics."

Purpose of the bill. According to the author's office, "By relying heavily on aggregate data of the API community, the State of California fails to recognize that different API ethnic subpopulations have diverse social and economic conditions." The author contends that if the needs of each of the API "subgroups" are not addressed properly, California will run the risk of lower educational outcomes and greater healthcare costs for our future generations. Data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic and educational disparities within the greater Asian population.

Analysis Prepared by: Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916) 319-3960 FN: 0000752

Date of Hearing: May 6, 2015

ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

Jimmy Gomez, Chair

ABPCA Bill Id:AB 176

Author:(Bonta) – As Amended Ver:April 14, 2015

Urgency: No State Mandated Local Program: Yes Reimbursable: Yes

SUMMARY:

This bill places specified requirements regarding the collection of demographic data, by the state's public segments of postsecondary education and by state health-related departments, pertaining to tabulation categories of Native Hawaiian (NH), Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups. Specifically, this bill:

1. Requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the California Community Colleges (CCC) and the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and requests the Regents of the University of California (UC), when collecting demographic data on students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for NH and API groups as follows:

   1. Until the release of the next decennial census, each entity shall use the categories that the entity used as of January 1, 2015.

   2. Within 18 months after release of the a decennial census, each entity shall use the NH and API categories as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau.

2. Requires CCC, CSU, and UC to collect and publish the above demographic data on their respective websites by July 1, 2016, to comply with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, and to observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.

3. Requires the Department of Public Health (DPH), Department of Health Care Services (DHCS), and Department Managed Health Care (DMHC), when collecting patient demographic data for reports, on or after July 1, 2016, on level of health care coverage, amount of health care coverage, rates for major diseases, leading causes of death per demographic, subcategories for leading causes of death in California overall, pregnancy rates, and housing numbers, to use the following separate collection categories and tabulations, in addition to the categories required by existing law:
   
   

   1. Major Asian groups, including, but not limited to, Bangladeshi, Hmong, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai; and,
      
      

   2. Major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, including, but not limited to, Fijian and Tongan.

4. Requires DPH, DHCS, and DMHC to publish the above data on their website by July 1, 2016, and annually thereafter, and to update their data collection to reflect include any additional NH and API groups as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau within 18 months after a decennial census is released to the public.

FISCAL EFFECT:

1. UC. The system collects the required data for undergraduate students, but not for graduate schools and professional schools, including medical schools. UC would incur one-time General Fund costs exceeding $250,000 to provide this capability.

2. CSU. Minor absorbable costs.

3. CCC. Districts currently report on about one-third of the Census subgroups. Given that the bill would not require reporting for all subgroups until around 2023, districts should be able to encompass this change within the course of updating their current practices, costs should not be significant.

4. DMHC. No additional costs, as recently enacted legislation already will require the department to meet the requirements of this bill.

5. DPH will be impacted in several areas.

   1. Center for Health Statistics and Information. Will require two positions for two years ($230,000, special fund) to include all of the sub-groups specified in demographic reports produced using vital statistics data. This involves development of new statistical coding of data to produce the strata specified for the data files, and to ensure the integrity and quality of the data produced. Additionally, staff will need to determine if the disaggregated data produced is statistically reliable and would also need to ensure that re-identification of individuals was not possible for confidential data, which becomes exceedingly complex and time-consuming at the level of detail proposed in this bill, particularly for data reported at the county level.

2. Genetic Disease Screening Program. Ongoing cost of $150,000 cover the annual cost of expanded form sizes for both newborn screening and prenatal screening (to accommodate eight additional categories), and for additional follow-up referrals due to inaccurate race/ethnicity data. Also one-time information technology-related costs of $150,000. These costs are covered by fee-supported special funds.

3. Office of AIDS. General Fund cost of $125,000 for one position to coordinate reprogramming of data systems, production of modified statistical reports, and changes to regulations.

6. DHCS. Non-responsive.

COMMENTS:

1. Background. According to the California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs', data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering economic, educational, and social disparities inherent not only in API communities, but in all ethnic populations. The Commission finds that the need to disaggregate data is often exemplified by the needs of Southeast Asian American students; often categorized as "Asian," their "lower academic achievement rates are overshadowed by the stereotype that all Asian students excel in academics."

According to information provided by the author's office, many of the communities within the API population face similar challenges in California, such as language barriers and immigration; however, they differ on many issues. This is most evident with respect to education and public health, where the outcomes of some of the largest API groups within the API population raise the average outcome of the greater API population as a whole.

2. Purpose. According to the author's office, "By relying heavily on aggregate data of the API community, the state of California fails to recognize that different API ethnic subpopulations have diverse social and economic conditions." The author contends that if the needs of each of the API "subgroups" are not addressed properly, California will run the risk of lower educational outcomes and greater healthcare costs for our future generations. Data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic and educational disparities within the greater Asian population.

3. Prior Legislation. AB 1088 (Eng)/Chapter 689 of 2011, required the Department of Industrial Relations and the Department of Fair Employment and Housing to collect and tabulate data for additional major Asian groups.
   
   

AB 1737 (Eng) of 2010, which would have required certain state agencies to use additional separate collection categories and tabulations for major Native Hawaiian and API groups, was held on this committee's Suspense file.

Analysis Prepared by: Chuck Nicol / APPR. / (916) 319-2081

Date of Hearing: April 21, 2015

ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH

Rob Bonta, Chair

ABPCA Bill Id:AB 176

Author:(Bonta) – As Amended Ver:April 14, 2015

SUBJECT: Data collection.

SUMMARY: Requires specified state agencies to report and publish data using collection and tabulation categories, for Native Hawaiian, Asian, and Pacific Islander groups (API), whenever they collect demographic data, as specified. Specifically, this bill:

1. Requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the California Community Colleges (CCC), the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and the Regents of the University of California (UC), whenever said entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Native Hawaiian, and other API groups.
   
   

2. Requires the Department of Public Health (DPH), Department of Health Care Services (DHCS), and Department Managed Health Care (DMHC) to use additional collection and tabulation categories for Native Hawaiian (NH), Asian, and Pacific Islander (API) groups whenever said entities collect demographic data.
   
   

3. Requires the BOG, CCC, CSU, and UC to collect and publish specified data, in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, and requires these entities to observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.
   
   

4. Requires DPH, DHCS, and DMHC whenever they collect patient demographic data on level of health care coverage, amount of health care coverage, rates for major diseases, leading causes of death per demographic, subcategories for leading causes of death in California overall, pregnancy rates, and housing numbers, each must use the following separate collection categories and tabulations, in addition to the categories required by existing law:
   
   

   1. Major Asian groups, including, but not limited to, Bangladeshi, Hmong, Indonesian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Taiwanese, and Thai; and,
      
      

   2. Major Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander groups, including, but not limited to, Fijian and Tongan.
      
      

5. Requires DPH, DHCS, and DMHC to make any data collected publicly available, except for personal identifying information by posting the data on the Internet Website of the agency on or before July 1, 2012, and annually thereafter. Requires DPH, DHCS, and DMHC to update their data collection to reflect the additional Asian groups and additional Native Hawaiian and API groups as they are reported by the U.S. Census Bureau within 18 months after a decennial U.S. Census is released to the public.

EXISTING LAW:

1. Requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major API group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan.

2. Requires the Department of Industrial Relations (DIR) and the Department of Fair Employment and Housing (DFEH) to collect and tabulate data for additional major Asian groups.

FISCAL EFFECT: This bill has not yet been analyzed by a fiscal committee.

COMMENTS:

1. PURPOSE OF THIS BILL. The author states many of the communities within the API population face similar challenges in California, such as language barriers and immigration; however, they differ on many issues. The author asserts this is most evident with respect to education and public health, where the outcomes of some of the largest NH and API groups within the aggregate population raise the average outcome of the greater NH and API population as a whole. The author points to data from a 2013 report done by the Asian American Center for Advancing Justice, which demonstrates that 14% of Asian Americans are uninsured; disaggregated data shows that Korean, Tongan, and Thai have uninsured rates higher than 22% whereas only 8% to 10% of Japanese and Asian Indian populations are uninsured. The author contends that the lack of disaggregated data for the NH and API community within the public health sector is limiting the state’s ability to provide the best health care to this population. The author concludes that this bill will enable the state and public to identify trends that are typically unseen through aggregate data, and ensure that the state is adequately meeting the health needs of its residents.
   
   

2. BACKGROUND.
   
   

   1. Aggregate vs. disaggregated data. Data aggregation is any process in which information is gathered and expressed in a collective or summary form, for purposes such as statistical analysis. A common aggregation purpose is to get more information about particular groups based on specific variables such as age, profession, or income where the data are aggregated to preserve the confidentiality of individuals. Disaggregated data are data that have been extrapolated from aggregated data and divided and broken down into smaller information units. Disaggregating data is another critical step to gaining increased knowledge from collective or aggregated information. Fully disaggregating data helps to expose hidden trends, and can enable the identification of vulnerable populations.
      
      

   2. Need for disaggregated data. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, there are currently over 4.8 million Californians of Asian descent. NH and API subgroups represent over 50 ethnic backgrounds and speak over 100 different languages, thus language and cultural barriers pose health care problems for many individuals within these subgroups. A 2010 study by the Asian and Pacific Islander American Health Forum demonstrated that different NH and API subgroups have varying health care problems. Data from the report revealed NH and Filipino adults have some of the highest rates of obesity and diabetes in the state, whereas Korean adults suffer from the highest rates of serious psychological stress in the state. The report also showed Tongans and Koreans have some of the highest uninsured rates in the state
      
      

3. SUPPORT. Supporters of this bill state the lack of disaggregated data collection by public health state agencies undermines efforts to increase awareness of public health intiatives and increase preventive care. Supporters contend this bill is necessary to ensure that limited public health resources are effectively utilized on the populations that need them most. Supporters conclude that disaggregated data will also be useful to organizations within the public which examine the optimal public health support services are necessary to best assist the community.
   
   

4. CONCERNS. DPH has expressed concern that the additional collection and tabulation categories may lead to a small enough sample size that information may be personally identifiable. DPH is seeking clarification that data reporting would be statewide rather than on a countywide basis. DPH also raises concerns about whether third party data – data used by DPH, but not collected by it – would be covered in the bill provisions.

DMHC states they deal primarily with insurance and medical complaints, and infrequently collect demographic data. DMHC contends that any data gathered is on a scale small enough to be statistically insignificant and possibly personally identifiable. DMHC is concerned that the provisions of this bill would apply in the case that DMHC expands collection of demographic data.

5. POLICY CONSIDERATIONS. Some supporters of the bill have advocated for inclusion of the Iu Mien ethnic group as one of the additional major Asian groups specified for collection and tabulation by the departments. According to Lao Family Community Development, there are approximately 50 thousand Iu Mien in the entire U.S. This bill mandates that DPH, DHCS, and DMHC update their collection and tabulation categories with any new categories provided with the release of a decennial census. Iu Mien have yet to be included as a distinct category in the U.S. Census, but would be covered by the bill provisions in the case that the group is in the future.

This bill currently requires the higher education authorities to collect data in a manner that complies with federal privacy law and is statistically significant. The current language does not contain such requirements for the public health authorities within this bill. The Committee may suggest to the author amendments later in the legislative process to safeguard the privacy of individuals and ensure statistical significance of the data collected.

6. PRIOR LEGISLATION:
   
   

   1. AB 1088 (Eng), Chapter 689, Statutes of 2011, requires DIR and DFEH to collect and tabulate data for additional major Asian groups.
      
      

   2. AB 1737 (Eng) of 2010, would have required certain state agencies to use additional separate collection categories and tabulations for major Native Hawaiian and API groups. AB 1737 was held on the suspense file of the Assembly Appropriations Committee.
      
      

   3. AB 295 (Lieu) of 2007 would have required various state entities to report collected demographic data according to each major API group and make that data available to the public to the extent that disclosure did not violate confidentiality. AB 295 was vetoed by the Governor.
      
      

   4. AB 2420 (Lieu) of 2006 would have expanded from 11 to 23 the ancestry or ethnic origin collection categories required to be collected by any state agency, board, commission, California Community Colleges, or the California State University. Also, would have required the above entities to collect, tabulate, report, and make available to the public any data collected on the groups. AB 2420 was held on the Senate Appropriations Committee Suspense File.
      
      

7. DOUBLE REFERRAL. This bill is double referred, it was heard in the Assembly Higher Education Committee on April 7, 2015 and passed out on a vote of 12-1.
   
   

REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:

Support

Alliance for Boys and Men of Color

Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance – Alameda Chapter

Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance

California Black Health Network

California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs

California Immigrant Policy Center

California Pan-Ethnic Health Network

California State University

Cambodian Association of America

Families in Good Health

Fresno Interdenominational Refugee Ministries

Healthy House Within a MATCH Coalition

Hmong National Development, Inc.

Iu Mien Community Services

Khmer Girls in Action

Khmer Parent Association

Lao Family Community Empowerment, Inc.

Los Angeles Community College District

National Commission on AAPI Research in Education

National Council of Asian Pacific Islanders

OCA – Asian Pacific American Advocates

OCA – Greater Los Angeles

Pasadena Community College District

Project Prevention Coalition

Service Employees International Union California

Southeast Asia Resource Action Center

Stone Soup Fresno

United Cambodian Community

University of Southern California Student Coalition for Asian Pacific Empowerment

West Coast Asian Pacific Islander Student Union

Young Invincibles

54 Individuals

Opposition

None on file.

Analysis Prepared by: Rylan Gervase / HEALTH / (916) 319-2097

Date of Hearing: April 7, 2015

ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION

Jose Medina, Chair

ABPCA Bill Id:AB 176

Author:(Bonta) – As Amended Ver:March 23, 2015

[Note: This bill is double referred to the Assembly Health Committee and will be heard as it relates to issues under its jurisdiction.]

SUBJECT: Data collection

SUMMARY: Requires the Board of Governors (BOG) of the California Community Colleges (CCC), the Trustees of the California State University (CSU), and the Regents of the University of California (UC), whenever said entities collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, to use specified collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups, as specified. Specifically, this bill:

1. Requires that on or after July 1, 2016, whenever the CCC BOG, the CSU Trustees, or the UC Regents collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of students for a report that includes student admission, enrollment, completion, or graduation rates, the entity shall use separate collection categories and tabulations in accordance with the following:

   1. No later than 18 months after a decennial United States Census is released to the public, each entity shall use the collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and the Pacific Islander groups as they are reported by the United States Census Bureau;

   2. Until the release of the next decennial United States Census (following the enactment of this measure), each entity shall use the collection and tabulation categories for Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander groups that the entity used as of January 1, 2015; and,

   3. Each entity shall observe current standards regarding compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act and shall observe criteria for ensuring statistical significance of data collected and published.

2. Requires that each entity make the demographic data publicly available, except for personal identifying information, which shall be deemed confidential, by posting the data on the applicable entity's Internet Website by July 1, 2016, and shall update the data annually.

3. Specifies that this measure shall not take away from any other state agency from posting data collected, as specified, on the state agency's Internet Website as specified in current law.

4. Stipulates that this measure applies to the UC Regents only if the UC Regents, by resolution, make it applicable.

5. Defines "entity" to mean the CCC BOG, the CSU Trustees, and the UC Regents.

EXISTING LAW: Requires state agencies, boards, and commissions that directly or by contract collect demographic data as to the ancestry or ethnic origin of Californians to use separate collection categories and tabulations for each major Asian and Pacific Islander group, including, but not limited to, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Laotian, Cambodian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, and Samoan (Government Code Section 8310.5).

FISCAL EFFECT: Unknown

COMMENTS: Background. According to the California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs' Issue Paper on September 5, 2014, data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering economic, educational, and social disparities inherent not only in Asian Pacific Islander (API) American communities, but in all ethnic populations. The Commission finds that the need to disaggregate data is often exemplified by the needs of Southeast Asian American students; often categorized as "Asian," their "lower academic achievement rates are overshadowed by the stereotype that all Asian students excel in academics."

According to information provided by the author's office, many of the communities within the API population face similar challenges in California, such as language barriers and immigration; however, they differ on many issues. This is most evident with respect to education and public health, where the outcomes of some of the largest API groups within the API population raise the average outcome of the greater API population as a whole. For example, although data related to the average API student demonstrates high academic achievements, disaggregated data sheds light on the harsh reality that Southeast Asian subgroups suffer from much lower achievement rates than other API groups.¹ Similarly, data from a 2013 report done by the Asian American Center for Advancing Justice demonstrates that 14 percent of Asian Americans are uninsured; disaggregated data demonstrates that Korean, Tongan and Thai have uninsured rates higher than 22 percent whereas only eight-10 percent of Japanese and Asian Indian populations are uninsured.²

Purpose of the bill. According to the author's office, "By relying heavily on aggregate data of the API community, the state of California fails to recognize that different API ethnic subpopulations have diverse social and economic conditions." The author contends that if the needs of each of the API "subgroups" are not addressed properly, California will run the risk of lower educational outcomes and greater healthcare costs for our future generations. Data disaggregation is imperative for uncovering social, economic and educational disparities within the greater Asian population.

Accurate demographic data is critical in developing effective policies that respond to the needs of California's residents. Data by the diverse API ethnic groups should also be publicly reported so that policymakers, researchers, and community members can better understand how different communities are faring. Tasking the CCC BOG, the CSU Trustees, and the UC Regents to disaggregate the data they collect and report on for API student groups will help to inform the Legislature as to how the students are achieving and performing; allowing the Legislature to determine other steps that may be necessary in order to ensure all students succeed.

Scope of data collection. As presently drafted, it is unclear as to if the CSU Trustees and the UC Regents would have to collect disaggregated API student data for both undergraduate and graduate students.

To note, the admissions process for graduate and professional schools is de-centralized; it has an entirely different process from that of the undergraduate process (which is centralized).

Moving forward, the author may wish to clarify if the intent of this measure is to collect and report on both undergraduate and graduate student data, or just undergraduate student data.

REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:

Support

California Black Health Network

California Commission on Asian and Pacific Islander American Affairs

California Immigrant Policy Center

California Pan-Ethnic Health Network

Fresno Interdenominational Refugee Ministries

Pasadena Community College District

Young Invincibles

Opposition

None on file.

Analysis Prepared by: Jeanice Warden / HIGHER ED. / (916) 319-3960