HR 76
- Session Year: 2019-2020
- House: Assembly
- Latest Version Date: 2020-01-28
No summary is available yet.
No bill text is available yet.
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Date
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Status
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| Feb 6, 2020 | Read. Adopted. (Ayes 75. Noes 0. Page 3990.). |
| Jan 30, 2020 | Referred to Com. on RLS. |
| Jan 28, 2020 | Introduced. |
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Date
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Description
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Location
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Votes
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| Feb 6, 2020 | HR 76 Chiu Consent Calendar Second Day Regular Session | Assembly Floor |
Passed |
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| Jan 30, 2020 | Be adopted. To Consent Calendar. | Assembly Standing Committee on Rules |
Passed |
This list shows positions taken on this bill by organizations on the date displayed, which is linked to the original source.
Positions by individuals are not included.
* Testimony in a hearing
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*** Position recorded in written testimony
No support or opposition from interest groups has been recorded yet.
* Testimony in a hearing
** Position recorded in bill analysis
*** Position recorded in written testimony
Date of Hearing: January 30, 2020
ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON RULES
Ken Cooley, Chair
ABPCA Bill Id:HR 76 (
Author:Chiu) – As Introduced Ver:January 28, 2020
SUBJECT: Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution.
SUMMARY: Recognizes January 30, 2020, as Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution. Specifically, this resolution makes the following legislative findings:
- Fred Korematsu was born in Oakland, California, on January 30, 1919, to Japanese immigrant parents. He was unable to serve in the United States military because his selective service classification had been changed to “Enemy Alien,” even though he was a United States citizen.
- In 1942, Fred Korematsu refused to comply with Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 which was authorized by President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Executive Order No. 9066 which imposed strict curfew regulations and required over 100,000 United States citizens and permanent residents of Japanese ancestry to leave their homes on the West Coast and submit to imprisonment based solely on their ancestry. Fred Korematsu was tried and convicted by a federal court and taken by military authorities to the Tanforan Assembly Center in San Bruno, California.
- Believing the discriminatory conviction violated freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, Fred Korematsu appealed his case. Though the appeal went up to the United States Supreme Court in 1944, justice was denied to Fred Korematsu when the Supreme Court upheld the conviction by a six to three vote, leaving him devastated and wondering what effect this would have on other Americans.
- Following World War II and the release of Japanese Americans from the concentration camps, Fred Korematsu attempted to resume life as an American citizen, marrying his wife Kathryn and raising two children, Karen and Ken. He maintained his innocence through the years, but the conviction had a lasting impact on Fred Korematsu’s basic rights, affecting his ability to obtain employment.
- In 1982, with newly discovered evidence found by Peter Irons, a legal historian and attorney, and Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga, a researcher, Fred Korematsu made the decision to reopen his 1944 conviction by petitioning for a writ of error coram nobis to have the wrongful conviction vacated. After litigating for nearly a year in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, Fred Korematsu and his legal team emerged triumphant on November 10, 1983. The coram nobis decision in this case impaired the precedent of the original Supreme Court cases which validated the curfew and exclusion orders. In addition, the decisions influenced Congress’ passage of the Civil Liberties Act of 1988.
- The Civil Liberties Act of 1988 was signed into law by President Ronald Reagan and recognized the grave injustice that was done to United States residents and citizens of Japanese ancestry by the forced relocation and incarceration of civilians during World War II.
- On January 15, 1998, Fred Korematsu was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is the highest honor bestowed upon a civilian who has made a particularly meritorious contribution to the nation’s interests.
- Fred Korematsu continued his efforts to ensure that Americans do not forget the lessons learned from our own history as he traveled across the country, speaking at various colleges, law schools, and other organizations. On March 30, 2005, a true civil liberties hero was lost when Fred Korematsu passed away at 86 years of age due to respiratory illness in San Rafael, California, leaving behind a lasting influence on the importance of maintaining the constitutionally mandated guarantee of liberty for all Americans.
- Section 6722 of the Government Code requires the Governor to annually proclaim January 30 as Fred Korematsu Day of Civil Liberties and the Constitution, and Section 37222.15 of the Education Code designates that date of each year as having special significance in public schools and educational institutions and encourages those entities to observe that date by conducting exercises remembering the life of Fred Korematsu and recognizing the importance of preserving civil liberties.
FISCAL EFFECT: None
REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION:
Support
None on file
Opposition
None on file
Analysis Prepared by: Nicole Willis / RLS. / (916) 319-2800
Bill Author
Bill Co-Author(s):
